History
Bhutan has a rich history that spans 4,000 years. Though records before the 8th century are scarce, the arrival of Guru Padmasambhava in 746 AD played a crucial role in converting the King to Buddhism. This has impacted Bhutanese culture, which is still preserved today. Despite centuries of isolation, Bhutan caught the attention of Europeans in the 1770s. The election of Penlop Ugyen Wangchuck as the first monarch in 1907 paved the way for modern Bhutan. Today, while preserving its roots, Bhutan is making strides towards modernity by improving education, business, and civil service standards.
Climate and Geography
Bhutan, a sovereign land situated in the eastern Himalayas, is blessed with diverse climatic conditions. The country's topography, with its varying elevations, gives rise to distinct weather patterns. The Duars Plain is hot and humid, while the Lesser Himalayas are cooler and offer a pleasant escape from the heat. As one moves up the Greater Himalayas, the climate turns into alpine tundra - a surreal and majestic landscape that will awe-inspire you. On its north and northwest lies the sovereign territory of the People's Republic of China (PRC), and to its south lies another neighbouring nation.
People
Bhutanese people can be grouped into three main ethnic groups: Tshanglas, Ngalops, and Lhotshampas. The Tshanglas, also known as Sharchops, are native to eastern Bhutan and speak Tshanglakha. Ngalops are Tibetans who have settled in western Bhutan and primarily earn their living through agriculture. They speak Ngalopkha, a refined form of Dzongkha, Bhutan's native language. Ngalops are known for their unique dance form called Zheys and their decorative speech called Lozeys.
The Lhotshampas are an ethnic group in Bhutan who speak Lhotshampa and follow Hinduism. They are primarily engaged in agriculture, growing cash crops such as ginger, cardamom, and oranges. The people of Bhutan are also renowned for their exceptional warmth and hospitality, distinct culture, and amiable nature.
Culture and Tradition
Bhutan's rich heritage and traditional culture are vibrantly alive and thriving. The country is home to a physically robust and hospitable population that adorns itself with colourful, eye-catching dresses. Buddhism, as the state religion, has a profound influence on every aspect of Bhutan's culture. Whether it is ceremonies or festivals, the performing arts such as dance and music have become an integral part of Bhutan's cultural landscape. The country's traditional practices continue to be firmly rooted in everyday life, making Bhutan a unique destination that offers a glimpse into a world that is both rich and fascinating.
